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Title
DECLARATION
CERTIFICATE
CONTENTS
List of Tables
Preface
I. Introduction
1.1 Financial Crisis in Higher Education Global Experience
1.2 Developments in India
1.3 Developments in Kerala
1.4 The Genesis and Growth of Self Financing Engineering Colleges
1.1 Self Financing Engineering Colleges Affiliation and Ownership 1993-1997
1.5 Objectives of the Study
1.6 Methodology
1.7 Limitations
1.8 Outline of the Study
End Note
II. An Overview of Literature
2.1 Education and Development
2.2 The Role of the State
2.3 Higher Education: Access
2.4 Commissions Abroad
2.5 National Commissions
2.6 UGC- ICSSR Sponsored Studies
2.7 Private Studies
2.8 Recent Studies
2.9 Kerala Scenario
2.10 Conclusion
End Note
III. Global and Indian Trends in Financing Higher Education
3 1 Crisis in Higher Education
3.1 Gross Enrolment Ratios in Higher Education
3.2 Public Expenditure on Education
3.3 Priority for Higher Education
3.4 Share of States in the Income of the Higher Education Institutions in Oecd Countries
3.2 Non Governmental Sources of Finances
3.5 Share of Fees in Unit Operating Expenditure
3.6 Non-Governmental Sources of Income of Higher Education Institutions
3.3 Growth Trends in Indian
3.7 Enrolment in Higher Education Institutions
3.8 Total Number of Recognised Higher Educational Institutions in India - 1998 -99
3.4 Trends in Financing
3.9 Growth Rate in Public Expenditure on Education
3.10 Share of Education in GNP Decadal Trends
3.11 Expenditure on Education
3.12 Share of Education Expenditure in Total Government Budgets of Centre and States
3.5 Allocation in Five Year Plans
3.13 Allocations to Education in Five Year Plans
3.14 Plan Expenditure on Different Sectors of Education
3.15 Sources of Funding for Higher Education
End Notes
IV. Trends In Educational Finances In Kerala
4.1 Keralas Unique Position
4.1 Enrolment in Arts & Science Courses in Universities of Kerala
4.2 Fiscal Crisis of Kerala and the Declining Public Expenditure on Education
4.2 Enrolment in Engineering Colleges in Kerala Review, 2000
4.3 Major Fiscal Indicators for Kerala
4.4 Share of Education, Art, Culture & Scientific Research in Total Expenditure
4.3 Financial Crisis and Central Funding Agencies.
4.5 Relative Share of Expenditure on Higher Education on Total Expenditure on Education on Kerala
4.4 Delinking Pre-Degree Course and its Financial Implications.
4.5 Financial Crisis of the Universities
4.6 Cochin University of Science and Technology - A Case Study
4.6 Annual Growth Trends in Expenditure And Receipts of Cusat
4.7 Long Term Trends in University Revenue 1971-1997
4.7 Finance Management
4.8 Share of Major Heads of Expenditure in Aggregate Expenditure of Cochin University
4.8 The College Finances
4.9 Cost Recovery
4.9 Comparison of School Fees and Regular Engineering College Fees 1999-2000
4.10 Role of Private Sector
4.11 Four Models Of Financing
4.12 Self Financing Higher Education
End Note
V. Implications of the Newly Emerging Pattern of Funding Higher Education A Case Study of Self Financing and Regular Engineering Courses
5.1 Private Costs
5.2 Methodology of Sample Selection and Survey
5.1 Details of Engineering Colleges and Students Selected for Study
5.2 Details of Branches of Study and Students Selected for the Study.
5.3 The School Back Grounds
5.3 Location of School of Respondents
5.4 Details of Place of the Residence of Respondents
5.5 Type of School in Which the Respondent Studied
5.6 Medium of Instruction at the Secondary Level
5.4 Occupational Status of Parents
5.7 Nature of Employment of Father
5.8 Nature of Employment of Mother
5.5 Educational Status of Parents
5.9 Education of Father
5.10 Education of Mother
5.6 Pre- Admission Cost
5.11 Students Who Attended Coaching for Entrance
5.12 Location of the Entrance Coaching Centres
5.13 Type of Entrance Coaching Received by the Respondent
5.14 Duration of the Entrance Coaching
5.15 Opinion on Whether Entrance Coaching is Useful in Getting Admission to Engineering Course
5.16 Opinion on Whether Entrance Coaching Leads to Neglect of Class Room Studies
5.7 Expenditure on Education and Income of Parents
5.17 Opinion on Whether 50 Percent Weightage Should be Given for Marks in the Qualifying Examination
5.8 Total Private Cost Per Year
5.18 Average Non-Academic Expenses Incurred Per Year
5.19 Average Private Expenditure Per Year
5.20 Average Expenditure Per Year in Relation to the Per Capita Income of Kerala
5.9 Average Cost in Relation to Income
5.21 Distribution of Students According to the Family Income Groups
5.22 Students Who Come Under the KPCR Limit
5.10 Academic Performance of Self Financing and Regular Students
5.23 Average Marks Secured by the Respondents
5.24 Correlation between Marks in the Engineering Examination and SSLC and Plus 2 Marks
5.11 Summing Up
End Notes
VI. Summary And Recommendations
6.1 Global and Indian Context
6.2 Financial Crisis in Keralas Education Sector.
6.3 Self Financing
6.4 Suggestions for Financial Reforms
6.5 Diversification of Funding
6.6 Educational Agencies and Financing
6.7 Resource Allocation and Utilisation
6.8 Accountability and Funding
6.9 Industry University Tie Ups
6.10 Alumni Associations
BIBILIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX