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Title
CERTIFICATE
DECLARATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF PLATES
Preface
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
Study area
Achenkovil river system
Climate
Rainfall
Temperature
Soil
Table 1 District-wise break tip of Achenkovil basin
Table 2 Zone-wise break up of Achenkovil basin
Table 3 Soil-wise break up of Achenkovil basin
Table 4 Description of sampling stations in Achenkovil river
Administrative Map of Achenkovil Basin
Soil Map of Achenkovil Basin
Lake Vembanadu
PLATE I Study Stations
Part I Taxonomy
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Table I.1 Systematics of the fish fauna in Achenkovil river
Table I.2 Morphometric and meristic characters of the fish fauna in Achenkovil river
PLATE II List of fish species froth Achenkovil river
PLATE III List of fish species from Achcnkovil river
PLATE IV List of fish species from Achenkovil river
PLATE V List of fish species from Achenkovil river
PLATE VI Photomicrographs of the fish chromatophores
Part II Physico-chemical factors
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Table II. 1 Monthly variation of rainfall (mm) in Achenkovil basin during the period from Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Fig.II. 1 Monthly variations of rainfall (min) in Achenkovil river during the period Feb I992 to Jan 1993
Table II.2 Monthly variations of air temperature (°C) in Achenkovil river during the period from Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Fig.II.2 Monthly variations of air temperature (°C) in Achenkovil river during the period Feb I992 to Jan 1993
Table II.3 Monthly variations of water temperature (°C) in Achenkovil river during the period from Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Fig.II.3 Monthly variations of water temperature (
Table II.4 Monthly variations of turbidity (cm) in Achenkovil river during the period from Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Fig.lI.4 Monthly variations of turbidity (in) in Achenkovil river during the period Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Table II.5 Monthly variations of conductivity (µmho) in. Achenkovil river during the period from Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
FigII.5 Monthly variations of conductivity (µmho) in Aehcnkovil river during the period Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Table II.6 Monthly variations of alkalinity (mg / l) in Achenkovil river during the period from Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
FigII.6 Monthly variations of alkalinity (mg / I) in Achenkovil river during the period Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Table 1I.7 Monthly variations of pH in Achenkovil river during the period from Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Fig.II.7 Monthly variations of pH in Achenkovil river during the period Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Table II.8 Monthly variations of dissolved oxygen (mg / l) in Achenkovil river during the period from Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Fig.II.8 Monthly variations of oxygen (mg / I) in Aehenkovil river during the period Feb 1992 to Jail 1993
Table II.9 Monthly variations of free carbon dioxide (mg / l) in Achenkovil river during the period from Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Fig.II.9 Monthly variations of free carbon dioxide (mg / l) in Aehenkovil river during the period Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Table II.10 Monthly variations of silicate (µg / l) in Achenkovil river during the period from Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Fig.II.10 Monthly variations of silicate (µg/1) in Achenkovil river during the period Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Table II.11 Monthly variations of phosphate (µg / l) in Achenkovil river during the period from Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Fig.II. 11 Monthly variations of phosphate (µg / l) in Achenkovil river during the period Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Table II.12 Monthly variations of sulphate (µg / l) in Achenkovil river during the period from Feb 1992 to Jan 1993
Fig.II.12 Monthly variations of sulphate (µg / l) in Achenkovil river during the period Feb 1992 to Jan I993
Part III Macrodistribution
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Table III.1 The distribution of sampling techniques by habitat category
Table III.2 Description of categories used in measuring stream habitat
Table III.3 Number and percentage of relative abundance for all the fish species collected from habitat type-I
Table III.4 Number and percentage of relative abundance for all the fish species collected from habitat type-II
Table III.5 Number and percentage of relative abundance for all the fish species collected funny habitat type-III
Table III.6 Number and percentage of relative abundance for all the fish species collected from habitat type-IV
Table III.7 Number and percentage of relative abundance for all the Fish species collected from habitat type-V
Table III.8 Number and percentage of relative abundance for all the fish species collected from habitat type-VI
Table III.9 Dominant fish species in Achenkovil river
Table III.10 Relative number and percentage of common species for all six habitat types
Table III.11 Species richness among different orders of fishes at different habitat types
Table III.12 Index of similarity and dissimilarity among species inhabiting different habitat types
Table III.13 Species occurrence at different habitat types in Achenkovil river
Table III.14 Correlation of physico-chemical variables and fish species richness
Fig. Ill. 1 Percentage of common species for six habitat types
Fig.lll. 2. Species richness among different orders of fishes
Fig.III.3 Species richness and abundance from upstream to downstream in Achenkovil river
Fig.III.4 Gradient diagram of the Achenkovil river with distribution of dominant species
Part IV Microdistribution
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Table IV.1 Habitat preference of fish species observed at a specific location of the river
Table IV.2 Seasonal habitat diversity at different stations along Achenkovil river
Fig.IV.I Percentage composition of microhabitat (depth)
Fig.lV.2 Percentage composition of microhabitat (current)
Fig.IV.3 Percentage composition of microhabitat (substrate)
Part V Feeding ecology
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Table V.I Categories used in measuring head characters associated with feeding
Table V.2 Measurement of head characters associated with feeding
Table V.3 Water column position and substrate preference of the fish species
PLATE VII Photographs showing head characters of fishes associated with feeding
Part VI Community structure
Table VI.1 Relative characteristics of habitat structure and fish community organisations along two physical gradients in Achenkovil river
GENERAL DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
Summary
References