Online Thesis Search Results

TITLE
CERTIFICATE
DECLARATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
GLOSSARY
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
1. Introduction
1.1 Appropriate Technology
1.2 Appropriate Technology: A Movement
1.2.1 Appropriate Technology: The Lineage
1.3 Appropriate Technology: A Method
1.4 Appropriate Technology: Relevance And Dynamics
1.5 The Research Problem
1.6 Objectives Of The Study
1.7 Limitations Of The Study
1.8 Chapter Scheme
Notes and References
2. Methodology And Review Of Literature
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Sources Of Data
2.1.2 Pilot Study And Selection Of The Panchayat
Fig. 2.1 Route Covered By The Researcher During The Pilot Study For Identifying The Study Area
2.1.3 Collection Of Primary Data
2.2 Review Of Literature
2.2.1 The Evolution Of Appropriate Technology Movement
2.2.2 Appropriate Technology: Beyond Gandhi, Kumarappa And Schumacher
2.2. 3 Water Resource Management And Appropriate Solutions
Notes and References
3. Appropriate Technology - History, Concept And Evolution
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Science And Technology; Definitions
3.3 Science And Society
3.4 Technology, Development And Exploitation
3.5 Nationalism And Governmental Roles In Development
3.6 Conventional Development Strategy
3.6.1 A Critical Evaluation Of The Conventional Development Strategy
3.7 Effects Of Technology On Society
3.7.1. Cultural Distortions And Formation Of Dual Societies:
3.7.2 Extravagant Resource Use And Growth Of Consumerism
3.7.2.1 Resource Use In Gathering Mode
3.7.2.2 Resource Use In Nomadic Pastoralism
3.7.2.3 Resource Use In Settled Cultivation
3.7.2.4 Resource Use In Industrial Mode
3.7.2.5 The Theory Of Limits To Growth
3.7.2.6 Functional View As Opposed To Limits-To-Growth View
3.7.3 Technology, Elitism And Consumption
3.7.4 Rural-Urban Conflict
3.7.5 Destruction Of Traditional Technologies
3.7.5.1 Traditional Indian Agriculture
3.7.5.2 Traditional Indian Industry
3.7.5.3 Traditional Indian Medicine
3.7.5.4 Traditional Technologies In Other Areas
Table 3.1 List Of Iron Extraction Centres Prepared By Konoi In 1854
3.7.5.5 Colonial Exploitation And The Destruction Of The Knowledge Base
3.8 Conclusion
Notes and References
4. Appropriate Technology-Theory And Practice
4.1 Introduction
Table 4. 1 Gross National Product Per Person (In 1980 Dollars)
4.2 Alternative Development Strategy And Alternate Technology
4.2.1 Basic Human Needs
4.2.2 Planning From Below
Table 4, 2 Characteristics Of Conventional Development Strategy And.
4.3 Traditions In Alternative Development Strategy And Appropriate Technology
4.3.1 India
4.3.2 China
4.3.3 Tanzania
4.4 Appropriate Technology-Concepts And Definitions
4.4.1 Characteristic Features Of Appropriate Technology
4.5 Categories Of Appropriate Technology
4.5.1 Family-Employing Technologies
4.5.2 Community-Defined Technology
4.6 Appropriate Technology Lineage
4.6.1 M. K. Gandhi
4.7 Appropriate Technology: Dynamism And Relevance
Notes and References
5. Dynamics And Relevance Of Appropriate Technology: A Macro-Level Analysis Of Water Management Systems In Kerala
Part 1
5.1 An Introduction To Water Scenario In Kerala
5.1.1 Need And Use Of Water: Global Concerns
5.1.2 Origin Of Water And The Hydrological Cycle
5.1.3 Kerala: A Profile
Table 5.1 Global Water Availability
Fig. 5.1 Natural Regions Of Kerala
5.1.3.1 Physical Indices Of The State
5.1.3.2 Natural Regions
5.1.3.3 Geology And Soil Types
Table 5.2 Slope Classification Of Kerala
Fig. 5.2 Climate And Temperature Of Different Climatic Zones In Kerala
5.1.3.4 Temperature And Sunshine
5.1.3.5 Demographic Profile
Table 5.3 Depth Of Soil In Kerala
5.1.3.6 Land Utilization
5.1.3.7 Operational Land Holdings
Table 5.4 Land Utilisation Pattern In Kerala (Area In 00 Hectares)
Table 5.5 Number And Size Of Operational Holdings In Kerala
Table 5.6 District Wise Distribution Of Land Holdings In Kerala
5.1.3.8 Agro Climatic Zones Of Kerala
Table: 5.7 Agro-Climatic Regions Of Kerala
Fig. 5.3 Agro-Climatic Zones Of Kerala
Fig. 5.4 River Basins Of Kerala
Fig. 5.5 Ground Water Provinces Of Kerala
5.1.3.9 Water Resources Of Kerala
5.1.3.9a Surface Water
Table 5.8 Inland Water Resources Of Kerala
5.1.3.9b Ground Water
5.1.3.9c Rainfall And Monsoons
Table 5.9 Ground Water Potential Of Kerala-District-Wise Details
Table 5.10 Average Annual Rainfall (In Mm)
5.1.3.9d Physiographic Division And District-Wise Variation
Table 5.11 Annual Rainfall In Kerala 1956 To 1996 (In Mm)
Fig. 5.6 Climate And Rainfall Of Kerala
5.1.3.9e Monthly Variation
Fig. 5.7 District wise Variation Inn Rainfall
5.1.3.9f South-West Monsoon
Fig. 5.8 Monthly Variation In Rainfall
5.1.3.9g North-East Monsoon Part lI
Table 5. 12 Rainfall In Kerala During Monsoons (Mm)
Fig. 5.9 South-West Monsoon In Kerala
Fig. 5.10 North-East Monsoon In Kerala
Part I1
5.2.0 Qualitative Analysis Of The Causes Of The Problem Of Water Scarcity In Kerala
5.2.1 Evaporation And Water Loss
5.2.2 Rainfall And Water Shortage
Table 5.13 Percentage Departure Of Rainfall From Normal 1990 To 1997
5.2.3 Unique Physiography Of Kerala And Water Scarcity
Fig. 5.11 Deviation From Normal Rainfall
5.2.4 Water Scarcity Run Off Relation
5.2.5 Intensity And Duration Of Rainfall
5.2.6 Topography And Relation To Water Crisis
5.2.6.1 Soil Types Of Kerala
5.2.7 Population Growth - Change In Lifestyle-Water Scarcity Relation
5.2.8 Deforestation And Its Relation To Water Scarcity
5.2.8.1 Forests: Role In Water Conservation And Run Off Prevention
5.2.8.2 Diminishing Forest Wealth Of Kerala
5.2.9 Unsustainable Cropping Practices And The Impact On Water Table
Table 5.14 Some Of The Rivers Of Kerala Affected By Deforestation
5.2.10 Degeneration And Conversion Of Wet Land Ecosystems
5.2.11 Ground Water Recharge / Discharge Functions Of Wet Lands
Table 5.15 Declining Area Of Production Of Rice (000 Hedares)
Fig. 5.12 Declining Area In Rice Production
5.2.11.1 Backwater Or Estuaries
5.2.12 Extinction Of Traditional Water Conserving Systems Village Ponds, Wetlands And Tanks
Table 5.16 Distribution Of Wet Land Holding According To Size - Kerala
5.2.12.1 Village Ponds And Wells- Toponyms And Their Relation To Water Sources
Part III
5.3 Water Resource Management: Approaches And Problems
5.3.1 Dynamics Of Water Resource Management
5.3.1.1 Demand For Irrigation In Kerala
Table 5.17 Net Area Irrigated Under Different Sources
Table 5.18 Features Of The Early Engineers Assessment Of Irrigation.
Table 5.19 Features Of Assessing Requirement After The Late Seventies
5.3.1.2 Drinking Water Supply And Kerala
Table 5.20 Project Details Of MVIP
5.3.1.3 Drinking Water - Mainstream Approach
Table 5.21 Coverage Position Of Drinking Water In Villages
Table 5.22 District-Wise Population Covered By Rural Water Supply Scheme
5.3.2 Financial Flow And Expansion 0f Water Distribution
Table 5.23 District-Wise Population Covered By Urban Water Supply Scheme
Table 5.24 Expenditure Of Kerala Water Authority
Table 5.25 District And Taluk Level Area Of Low Land (Area In Hectares)
Table 5.26 Low Lying Areas Of Kerala
5.4 Alternative / Peoples Approaches To Water Resource Management
Table 5.27 Normal monthly rainfall. in the state (in mm)
Notes and References
6. A Micro-Level Analysis Of Water Resource Management In Kerala: A Case Study Of Relevance And Dynamics Of Appropriate Technology
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Case Study 1. Karukutty Panchayat
6.2.1 Karukutty Grama Panchayat: A Profile
Fig. 6.1: Karukutty Panchayat- Location
Fig. 6.2: Map Of Karukutty Panchayat
Fig. 6.3: Transect Of Karukutty Panchayat
Fig. 6.4: Land Use In Karukutty Panchayat
6.2.2 Karukutty Panchayat: A Profile Of Water Resources
Table 6.1 Distribution Of Water Sources In Karukutti Panchayat
6.2.3 Water Domestic And Agricultural Use In The Panchayat
6.2.4 Water Resource Management Practices: Past And Present
6.2.5 Peoples Solutions To Water Crisis: Past And Present
Table 6.2 Lift Irrigation Projects Executed In The Panchayat
Table 6.3 Subsidized Pump Sets Distributed And Well Dug.
6.2.6 Current Solutions To The Water Crisis In The Panchayat
Table 6.4 Summary Of Technological Solutions To Water Resource Manage.
6.3 Case Study 2: Mulakkulam Grama Panchayat
6.3.1 Mulakkulam Panchayat: A Profile
Fig. 6.5 Transect Of Mulakkulam Panchayat
Fig. 6.6 Map Of Mulakkulam Grama Panchayat
Fig. 6.7 Location Of Mulakkulam Panchayat
6.3.2 Water Resources Of The Panchayat
Table 6.5 Cropping Pattern In Mulakkularn Panchayat
6.3.3 Water Resource Management In Mulakkulam Panchayat: Past And Present
6.3.4 Water - Domestic And Agricultural Use In The Mulakkulam Panchayat
6.3.5 Peoples Approaches In Water Resource Management
6.3.6 Solution To Water Resource Crisis In The Panchayat
Table6.6 Peoples Recommendation For Solving Drinking Water Crisis
Table 6.7 Peoples Recommendation For Solving Irrigation Crisis.
6.4 Critical Reflection On Water Resource Management Practices In Karukutty And Mulakkulam.
Notes and References
7. Conclusions, Suggestions And Policy Recommendations
Policy Recommendations
BIBILIOGRAPHY