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TITLE
CERTIFICATE
DECLARATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONTENTS
1. Introduction
Review of earlier work done
Habitat Studies
Studies on Indian Fish Fauna
Studies on the Freshwater Fish Fauna of Kerala
Table 1. A summary of literature review on freshwater fishes in Kerala
II. Study Area
Fig.2.1.Map of India showing the Western Ghats
Rivers
Bharathapuzha, Keecheri
Fig.2.2. Map of southern Kerala showing various rivers
Fig.2.3. Map of southern Kerala showing wildlife sanctuaries and national park
Puzhakkal, Karuvannur, Chalakudy
Periyar
Muvattupuzha, Meenachil, Manimala, Pamba
Achencoil, Pallikkal, Kallada, Ithikkara, Ayroor, Vamanapuram
Mamom, Karamana, Neyyar, Pambar
Climate, Rainfall, Temperature
III. Freshwater Fishes of Southern Kerala
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Methods
3.2.1 Species Inventory
3.2.2 Species Description
Fig.3.1. Cross sectional form of the body
3.3 Results
3.3.1 Species Inventory
Table 3.1. Systematic list of freshwater fishes collected from southern Kerala
Fig. 3.4 Family-wise distribution of species collected from southern Kerala
3.3.2 Species Description
1. Notopterus notopterus (Pallas)
2. Anguilla bicolor McClelland
3. Pisodonophis boro (Ham.)
4. Hypselobarbus curmuca (Ham.)
5. Hypselobarbus kolus (Sykes)
6. Hypselobarbus micropogon periyarensis (Raj)
7. Hypselobarbus thomassi (Day)
8. Labeo calbasu (Ham.)
9. Labeo dussumieri (Val)
10. Osteobrama bakeri (Day)
11. Osteobramu cotio peninsularis Silas
12. Osteochilus longidorsalis Pethiyagoda and Kottelat.
13. Osteochilus nashii (Day)
14. Osteochilus thomassi (Day)
15. Barbodes carnaticus (Jerdon)
16. Puntius arulius (Jerdon)
17. Puntius conchonius (Ham.)
18. Puntius denisonii (Day)
19. Puntius dorsalis (Jerdon)
20. Puntius jerdoni (Day)
21. Puntius melanampyx (Day)
22. Puntius melanostigma (Day)
23. Puntius ophicephalus (Raj)
24. Tor khudree (Sykes)
25. Chela fasciata Silas
26. Salmostoma acinaces (Val.)
27. Salmostoma clupeiodes (Bloch)
28. Amblypharyngodon microlepis (Bleeker)
29. Barilius bakeri Day
30. Barilius bendelisis (Ham.)
31. Barilius canarensis (Jerdon)
32. Barilius gatensis (Val.)
33. Esomus danricus (Ham.)
34. Esomus thermoicos (Val.)
35. Garra mcclellandi (Jerdon)
36. Garra menoni Rema Devi and Indra
37. Garra hughi Silas
38. Garra gotyla stenorhynchus (Jerdon)
39. Garra surendranathanii
40. Horalabiosa joshuai Silas
41. Bhavania australis (Jerdon)
42. Balitora mysorensis Hora
43. Travancoria elongata Pethiyagoda and Kottelat
44. Travancoria jonesi Hora
45. Nemacheiluss denisoni Day
46. Nemacheilus evezardi Day
47. Nemacheilus guentheri Day
48. Nemacheilus keralensis (Rita )
49. Nemacheilus monilis Hora
50. Nemacheilus pambarensis Rema Devi and Indra
51.Nemacheilus pulchellus Day
52. Nemacheilus semiarmatus Day
53. Nemacheilus triangularis Day
54. Pangio goaensis (Tilak)
55. Lepidocephalus thermalis (Val.)
56. Horabagrus brachysoma (Gunther)
57. Horabagrus nigricollaris Pethiyagoda and Kottelat
58. Batasio travancoria Hora and Law
59. Mystus bleekeri (Day)
60. Mystus malabaricus (Jerdon)
61. Mystus montanus (Jerdon)
62. Mystus punctatus (Jerdon)
63. Mystus vittatus (Bloch)
64. Clarias dussumieri Val
65. Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch)
66. Ompok malabaricus (Val.)
67. Pseudeutropius mischelli Gunther
68 Glyptothorar annandalei Hora
69. Glyptothorax housei Herre
70. Glyptothorar lonah (Sykes)
71. Glyptothorax madraspatanum (Day)
72. Pristolepis marginata Jerdon
73. Sicyopterus griseus (Day)
74. Channa marulius (Ham.)
75. Channa orientalis Bloch and Schneider
3.4 Discussion
IV. Distribution and Status of Hill Stream, Endemic and Threatened Fishes in Southern Kerala
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Methods
4.2.1 Distribution in Southern Kerala
4.2.2 Geographical Distribution
4.2.3 Status of Fish
4.3 Results
4.3.1 Distribution in Southern Kerala, Geographical Distribution and Status
4.3.2 Fish Fauna of Wildlife Sanctuaries and National Park
Table 4.1: Fish fauna of wildlife sanctuaries and national park of southern Kerala.
4.4 Discussion
V. Habitat Conditions of Hill Stream, Endemic and Threatened Species
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Methods
5.2.1 Habitat Information
5.2.2 Species Diversity
5.3 Results
5.3.1 Habitat Information
Table 5.1 Correlation analysis results of various parameters studied
Fig.5.1 Variation between temperature and oxygen in various collection sites
Fig.5.2 Variation between altitude and diversity in various collection sites
5.3.2 Plant Species Collected from the Streams of the Study Area
Table 5.2 Aquatic plants collected from southern Kerala.
5.4 Discussion
VI. Dietary Analyses
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Methods
6.3 Result and Discussion
Fig. 6.1. lndex of preponderance - Garra hughi
Fig. 6.2. lndex of preponderance - Bhavania australis
Fig. 6.3. lndex of preponderance - Barilius bakeri
Fig. 6.4. lndex of preponderance -Osteochilus longidorsalis
Fig. 6.5. lndex of preponderance -Nemacheilus keralensis
VII. Summary and Conclusion
References
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